Overview The rights to equal access to justice and protection under the law are fundamental elements of the rule of law and various international instruments lay down obligations on State Parties to take affirmative action in order to establish protections for various classes of persons. The following sections provide an explanation of the protections…
Overview The Right to Fair trial is the cornerstone of any democratic society and constitutes various other rights relating to the treatment of individuals within the Criminal Justice System. International law has delved greatly upon the need to ensure compliance with the right to fair trial to enforce the Rule of Law and safeguard…
Overview: This Section aims to outline the international and domestic law in relation to the use of torture and inhumane or degrading treatment within the criminal justice sector. The use of torture by public officials continues within the criminal justice system in Pakistan. Internationally, and within Pakistan’s Constitution, the right to be treated with…
Overview: The right to be treated with dignity and humanity has been entrenched in various international instruments and is reflected within the Constitution of Pakistan as well. Various domestic laws have been introduced to regulate arrest, pre-trial detention and preventive detention which also lay down conditions that must be observed when dealing with cases…
Overview Pakistan has ratified seven of the United Nations core human rights Conventions, a testament to its commitment to ensuring the fulfilment of these rights for its citizens. This Section aims to shed light on the composition and application of each of these Conventions, along with the main domestic legal instruments and bodies which correspond…
Overview The Judiciary plays an important role in implementing and promoting international law within the Pakistani legal framework. Domestic courts that openly engage with international law in their judgments provide fertile ground for the interpretation and evolution of the state’s own law. It is thus pertinent to recognize the role of the Judiciary in the…
Overview: The primary international framework for the protection and rights of children is the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). In addition to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, Pakistan has also ratified two of the three Optional Protocols to it. Moreover, Pakistan has also actively legislated on various rights…